Reported Statement

Reported Statement adalah kalimat yang sering kita gunakan baik dalam tulisan maupun dalam bahasa lisan atau percakapan. Reported Statement terdiri dari induk kalimat dan anak kalimat (Noun Clause). Sebagai penghubungan antara induk kalimat dan anak kalimat (noun clause)  kita menggunakan kata "that" yang dalam percakapan atau bahasa lisan tidak digunakan.

Contoh:

• He said, "I love it". (Quoted Statement)
• He said that he loved it. (Reported Statement)

Perhatikan perubahan dari quoted statement menjadi reported statement. Subjek "I" dalam anak kalimat "I love it" berubah menjadi "he", dan bentuk kata kerja "love" berubah menjadi "loved". Dalam reported statement tidak lagi digunakan tanda petik (")

Coba perhatikan lagi contoh lain:

• The students have said, "We understand the lesson".
• The students have said that they understand the lesson.

Dalam reported statement pada kalimat di atasperubahan hanya terjadi pada subjek "We" menjadi "They" karena kata kerja pada induk kalimat "The students have said" adalah dalam bentuk present perfect. Kata kerja dalam noun clause akan berubah apabilan reporting verb pada induk kalimat dalam bentuk lampau.

Kadang-kadang bentuk present tense tetap digunakan apabila statement pada anak kalimatnya merupakan kebenaran umum (general truth).

• The teacher explained, "The world is round". (Quoted Statement)
• The teacher explains that the world is  round. (Reported Statement)

Kata kerja "is" pada noun clause tetap tidak berubah.

Perhatikan tabel berikut:

Quoted Statement	Reported Statement
Lutfi said,”I love her very much”.	Lutfi said that he loved her very much.
Fitri told me, “I will do it”.	Fitri told me  that she would do it.
He said,”I am watching TV”.	He said that he was watching TV.
She said,”I have eaten”.	She said that she had eaten.
He said to me, “I don’t like it”.	He said to me that he didn’t like it.

Perhatikan Perubahan tenses dalam noun clause:

Quoted Statement	Reported Statement
Present Tense	Past Tense
Past Tense	Past Perfect
Present Continuous	Past Continuous
Will	Would
Can	Could

Quoted statements sering digunakan dalam percakapan, yaitu mengulang kembali apa yang ucapkan oleh orang yang kita bicarakan.

Contoh: Yesterday, I met Lutfi. He was very angry with me. "Why did you go to her house without me?" he asked. "I thought you didn't want to," I told him.

Sebelum melanjutkan pelajaran reported statement lebih dalamlagi, silahkan Anda kerjakan dulu latihan di bawah ini. Jika ingin dikoreksi latihannya Anda bisa email ke sopiyan.lampung@gmail.com

Soal-soal latihan

Rubahlah Quoted Statements di bawah ini menjadi Reported Statements.

1. Lusi said, "If I have enough money, I will spend my holiday in Bali".
2. Lutfi said angrily, "I hate corruptors".
3. She has said,"I don't tknow about it".
4. Fitri explained, "That is the end of the story".
5. They said, "We will report the accident to the police".

Selamat mencoba! Good luck!

Reported Statement--Imperative and Direct Request

Dalam pelajaran terdahulu kita telah membahas Reported Questions dan Reported Statements. Nah sekarang bagaimana kalau kalimat-kalimat perintah atau direct request dibuat menjadi reported statements:

Contoh Imperative Statements:

• Give me some money.
• Please don't smoke.
• Please don't be laate.
• Help me,
• Could you help me?
• Would you mind phoning me early  tomorrow?

Perhatikan Direct Statements berikut:

• He said to me, "Give me some money."
• She said to them, "Please don't smoke."
• She said to us, "Please don't be late."
• John said to me, "Help me."
• She asked me, "Could you help me?"
• He asked me, "Would you mind phoning me early tomorrow?'

Kalimat-kalimat di atas dapat dijadikan Indirect Statements sebagai berikut:

•  He asked me to give him some money.
• She asked them not to smoke.
• She asked us not to be late.
• John asked me to help him.
• She asked me to help her.
• He asked me to phone him early the next day.

Coba perhatikan kalimat-kalimat berikut:

Direct Speech: 

• Sit down!
• Don't be late!
• Tell me now!
• Don't smoke! 
• Don't lie to me!

Perhatikan kalimat-kalimat di atas menggunakan tanda seru (!). Untuk kalimat-kalimat yang menggunakan tanda seru kita menggunakan kata TOLD:

• She/He told me to sit down.
• The boss told us not to be late.
• She told me to tell her then.
• He told me not to smoke.
• He told me not to lie to him.

Reported Questions

Reported questions terdiri dari  2(dua) macam, yaitu berdasarkan yes/no questions dan information questions (where, what, which, who, when, what)

Perhatikan kalimat-kalimat di bawah ini:

Direct speech	Indirect speech/Reported Statement
"Has she got a house?"	He wanted to know whether she had a house.
"Can you drive?"	She asked if I could drive.
"Did you travel by bus?"	He enquired whether I had traveled by bus.
"Have you been to Bali before?"	She asked if I had been to Bali before.

Kalimat Tanya yang dirubah menjadi reported statement membutuhkan kata-kata seperti asked, wanted to know, enquired dan lain-lainnya. Otomatis questions/pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang sudah dirubah menjadi reported statement tidak perlu lagi menggunakan question mark (?).