To be (IS, AM, ARE, WAS, WERE) adalah komponen penting dalam kalimat bahasa Inggris karena to be (is, am, are, was, were) adalah kata kerja, dimana kata kerja (verb) harus harus pada setiap kalimat.. Karena pentingnya maka ini merupakan pengetahuan dasar bagi pelajar untuk memahaminya dengan benar.
GRAMMAR FOCUS
TO BE
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PRESENT
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IS
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AM
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ARE
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PAST
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WAS
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WERE
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FUNGSI: Menghubungi Subject
(Pokok Kalimat) dengan Noun (Kata Benda),
Adjective (Kata Sifat ), Preposition
(Kata Depan), dan Adverb of Time (Keterangan Waktu)
SUBJECT
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TO BE
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NOUNS, ADJECTIVES, PREPOSITION,
ADVERBS
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She
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is
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a secretary.
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John
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is
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a doctor.
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We
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were
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late for the concert.
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It
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Is
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9 o’clock in the morning.
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They
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are
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Civil engineers.
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We
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are
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very happy.
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Apri and Mary
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are
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government employees.
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Bagaimana kita bisa membuat kalimat dengan kata kerja to be (is, am, are, was, were)?
Fungsi Kata Kerja To be adalah menghubungkan Subyek kalimat dengan predikat atau obyek kalimat yang terdiri dari kata sifat (adjective), noun (kata benda), keterangan waktu dan keterangan tempat.
Perhatikan contoh-contoh dan tabel di bawah ini.
Example : 1) Amira is a student. 2) I am very tired. We are here.
Pokok kalimatnya bisa kata benda atau kata ganti (John, Mary, Father, the dogs, streets, he, she, it).
Take a look at more examples below.
I am a student. = am adalah to be yang menghubungkan "I" dengan "a student"
We are in Jakarta. = are adalah to be yang menghubungkan "we" dengan "in Jakarta"
She is very beautiful. = is adalah to be yang menghubungkan "She" dengan "very beautiful"
Dalam percakapan terkadang kita tidak menggunakan to be karena mungkin belum memahami atau belum terbiasa atau bisa juga dipengaruhi dengan bahasa ibu.
Contoh: Saya lapar (I hungry). Kita sering langsung menterjemahkan "Saya lapar" menjadi "I hungry". Jika ini kita ucapkan atau dipakai dalam percakapan, bisa saja masih bisa dipahami namun dari segi kaidah tata bahasa Inggris kalimat tersebut masih salah karena "am" tidak digunakan.
Perhatika lagi contoh-contoh kalimat yang menggunakan to be di bawah ini:
1. John is in the garden.
2. Pitra and Lutfi are good friends.
3. Fitri is a secretary.
4. We are in London.
5. It is 3 o'clock in the afternoon.
Dalam contoh-contoh tersebut di atas pokok kalimat bisa kata ganti (pronouns), kata benda (nouns), bahkan klausa (clause). Kata kerja to be (is, am, are, was, were) harus digunakan apabila obyek kalimat adalah kata sifat, kata benda, keterangan waktu, keterangan tempat.
Kalimat: "I in Jakarta." belum benar karena belum ada to be nya. Kenapa to be harus dipakai? Karena "in Jakarta" adalah keterangan tempat.
Perhatikan kalimat-kalimat berikut; yang bertuliskan merah adalah verb to be:
Mary is a student of Lampung university. She is still young. She is a very active girl. Now, she is in the garden. The garden is very beautiful. It is in the back of her house. Mary's house is not far from the bus station. Mary and her friends are very happy at school. They are never sad. Untuk bentuk lampaunya adalah WAS atau WERE . Contoh:
- She was in Bali last week. Kata kerja was digunakan karena waktunya lampau (Past Tense).
- Mary and Lutfi were good friends when they were kids. Were dipakai karena menceritakan masa lampau (when they were kids.)
Bandingkan dengan jawabannya di sini..
Good luck!
- Yana Sujana an employee five years ago.
- Susan and I students last year but now we employees.
- Jakarta a very busy city in Indonesia.
- Edyson sometimes rather lazy.
- Mr Bambang Utoyo and Mr Daryanto good friends.
- Many people very happy at the end of the year.
- I happy to see you here.
- She interested in going to the beach.
- Jakarta and Bandung big cities in Indonesia.
- That a hotel. It the biggest hotel in this city.
- Bogor a city of rain because it rains almost every day.
- Mr.Rudiman, his wife and his children very tired after a long bus trip.
- They very nice and friendly people. We very happy during our stay in their home last month.
- You still sleepy? You look very tired.